Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: Development of an AAPH-Induced Oxidative Stress Model in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells and Investigation of Its Molecular Mechanisms

doi: 10.3390/antiox15040460

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Representative fluorescence images of intracellular ROS levels detected using the DCFH-DA probe. Green fluorescence intensity reflects the relative level of reactive oxygen species. Scale bar = 50 μm. ( B ) Quantitative analysis of relative ROS fluorescence intensity. Data are presented as mean ± SD from three independent experiments. NC: negative control (untreated cells); PC: positive control (cells treated with the ROS-positive control reagent provided in the kit); AAPH: cells treated with 1000 μmol/L AAPH for 6 h; NAC: cells pretreated with N-acetylcysteine prior to AAPH treatment. ( C ) Quantitative analysis of the relative ratio of red (J-aggregates) to green (JC-1 monomer) fluorescence intensity measured by the JC-1 assay. A decrease in this ratio indicates loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. (ns: p > 0.05; ** p < 0.01; and *** p < 0.001). ( D ) Representative fluorescence images of JC-1 staining. Red fluorescence indicates JC-1 aggregates in mitochondria with high membrane potential (healthy mitochondria), while green fluorescence indicates JC-1 monomers in mitochondria with low membrane potential (mitochondrial injury). The merged images show colocalization. Scale bar = 50 μm.

Article Snippet: AAPH, N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), the Cell Counting Kit-8, ROS Assay Kit, and JC-1 Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit were purchased from MedChemExpress (MCE) (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Negative Control, Positive Control, Membrane, Staining

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Activatable companion theranostics for dual-modality imaging-escorted pyroptosis-propelled synergistic cancer therapy

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2025.08.036

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro mechanism of synergistic therapy mediated by LET-Cl@GOx. Changes of a extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and b relevant glycolysis ability after treatments. Variations of c mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and d their associated quantifications. e Measurements of ATP production rate with various treatments. f Brightfield images of A549 cells following different treatments. Scale bar: 50 μm g FL images of cells stained with Annexin V-FITC/PI after various treatments. Scale bar: 50 μm h Immunofluorescence staining images of caspase-3 activation. Scale bar: 50 μm. i Western blotting analysis of indicated protein expression following treatments. j Measurements of LDH release after indicated treatments. k The process of pyroptosis through the Caspase-3/GSDME pathway induced by LET-Cl@GOx (created with BioRender.com ). The data are presented as the means ± SDs, n = 3. ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001. The symbols “+” indicate laser irradiation (808 nm, 0.6 W cm −2 ).

Article Snippet: Afterwards, the cells were stained Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (Beyotime, China).

Techniques: In Vitro, Staining, Immunofluorescence, Activation Assay, Western Blot, Expressing, Irradiation

Journal: The Chinese journal of physiology

Article Title: A basal level of γ-linolenic acid depletes Ca 2+ stores and induces endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stresses to cause death of breast cancer BT-474 cells.

doi: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_30_21

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3: Effect of gamma‑linolenic acid on mitochondrial membrane potential. BT‑474 cells were treated with 30 µM gamma‑linolenic acid for different time periods and mitochondrial membrane potential was quantified by JC‐1 fluorescence assay. Red emission/green emission ratio lower than control values indicates depolarization. Results are mean ± standard error of mean from three independent experiments. *Significantly (P < 0.05) different from control.

Article Snippet: Measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured using a Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (#12664; Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA).

Techniques: Membrane, Fluorescence, Control

Journal: The Chinese journal of physiology

Article Title: A basal level of γ-linolenic acid depletes Ca 2+ stores and induces endoplasmic reticulum and oxidative stresses to cause death of breast cancer BT-474 cells.

doi: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_30_21

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4: Effect of gamma‑linolenic acid on mitochondrial Ca2+. BT‑474 cells were treated with 30 µM gamma‑linolenic acid for different time periods and mitochondrial Ca2+ level was quantified by flow cytometry using Rhod 2 as fluorescence probe. Results are mean ± standard error of mean from three independent experiments. *Significantly (P < 0.05) different from control.

Article Snippet: Measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured using a Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Assay Kit (#12664; Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA, USA).

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence, Control